"Based on a request from the Sudanese government and authorization from the Security Council," with this key phrase, Volker Peretz, the UN Secretary-General's envoy to Sudan, derived his legitimacy to set foot in Sudan and intervene extensively in its sovereignty. This phrase was a response to accusations from some parties, especially national forces, alleging his interference in Sudanese sovereign affairs.

By dissecting and analyzing Peretz's statement, many facts unfold that answer the first part of the article's headline question.

It's crucial to understand that the headline isn't asking: "Who fired the first shot that ignited the war?" The meaning goes much deeper; it investigates the real actors behind the planning and orchestration of players.

This article serves to shed light on the suspicious foreign role in fueling and perpetuating the war in Sudan, opening perspectives on various angles to objectively understand events beyond the immediate veil of the incident.

Any significant events within a nation, especially wars, when delved into, reveal foreign intervention stemming from internal fragmentation and political instability that some influential domestic elements exploit to take control of the country at their will and desire.

The narration of Sudan's war, which erupted on April 15, 2023, and still ongoing, began with planning as early as the end of January 2020. Two crucial events marked its onset:

First: A meeting between Sudanese Army Commander Abdel Fattah al-Burhan and the "Israeli" Prime Minister clandestinely in a neighboring country to Sudan, which surfaced through "Israeli" channels.

Second: Sending a secret message by the then British Ambassador to the UN requesting a UN mission under Chapter VI.

The War's Planning Began in January 2020 with Al-Burhan's Meeting with Netanyahu and Hamdok's Secret Message to the United Nations

Both events had a profound impact due to the subsequent events that began in 2020, paving the way for the outbreak of war until it erupted on the morning of Saturday, April 15, 2023, coinciding with the end of Ramadan.

Regarding the second event, Pertz’s phrase can be clearly examined by dismantling and analyzing its first half 'at the request of Sudan' and we can come out with 3 essential observations:

First: The obscurantism that accompanied the discourse; Prime Minister Abdallah Hamdouk sent the speech on January 26, 2020, and it was revealed to the public two weeks later.

Second: The exclusivity of Hamdouk without the Cabinet, the Sovereign, and components of the political and civil society with a decision to send a letter to the United Nations, canceling any consideration regarding the feasibility of the step, its reasons, and its impact on the future of the country, and to cover this great betrayal, Faisal Mohamed Salih, the Minister of Information at the time, justified Hamdouk's position: that the Sudanese government had accepted interventions across the sixth article, justifying it, meaning that "Chapter VI" would be according to the will of the Sudanese government; In fact, the Minister's view is not correct, but rather the opposite.

Third: It is the most important, where clear external intervention emerges, it has become clear that British Ambassador Irfan Siddiq is the one who formulated this speech; and the secret of this intervention later became clear as Britain had been chosen by "formulating the speech through Hamdouk," and Germany to "choose Pertz, a German to execute the mission of igniting the war," proposing a draft resolution for "Unitams".

This step was a tool from within through Prime Minister Hamdouk, the theoretical justification for the next executive step, which is the second sentence of Pertz's speech "and authorizing the Security Council"; as the Security Council adopted, in June 2020, resolution No. (2524) to form a UN mission to support the transition in Sudan under "Chapter VI," and the first paragraph of the resolution indicated that the purpose of the resolution is "to establish a comprehensive UN mission to assist in the transitional period (Unitams).

Steps to Ignite the War

To understand the steps leading to the ignition of war in Sudan, they can be summarized as follows:

1. The first step was the controversial selection of Pertz, known for his reputation in Syria and Iraq, as the head of the UN mission in Sudan in January 2021. This step involved integrating military structures into the framework agreement by the Quartet Committee under Pertz's sponsorship. Pertz himself acknowledged this, stating after the outbreak of war in an interview with "Der Spiegel": "The reason for the deterioration between the army led by Abdel Fattah Al-Burhan and the Rapid Support Forces was the agreement on the structure of joint command and how to integrate the armed forces and the Rapid Support Forces into one body in the medium term."
2. His intervention in Sudanese sovereignty, where Pertz described Burhan's actions as a military takeover regardless of the description, constituted an unjustifiable intervention in October 2021.
3. The Sudanese Foreign Ministry summoned him in protest against his statements intervening in Sudan's internal affairs in June 2022.
4. This was followed by massive popular demonstrations led by Islamic and nationalist currents demanding his removal from Sudan, highlighting that his actions were fueling a civil war at the end of June 2022, with a sharp vision.
5. A month after the outbreak of war, at the end of May 2023, Burhan requested the replacement of another envoy, but this step came too late. After successfully accomplishing his mission of igniting the war, there was no longer any reason for his presence or absence. He resigned without regret after performing his mission successfully, and the mission of "Unitams" was terminated by Resolution (2715), with approval from 14 countries while Russia abstained.

Notorious Syria and Iraq Envoy's Sudan Role Raises Specter of War

Returning to the first event, which was the meeting between the head of Sudan's Sovereignty Council, Burhan, and the Prime Minister of the Zionist entity, Benjamin Netanyahu, in early February 2020 in Entebbe, to normalize relations with "Israel," this represents the stated objective.

While the hidden objective, which we seek to analyze by posing the question of timing related to Hamdouk's speech (a civilian component), negotiations by "Israel" with the military component seem strategically clever and politically astute, suggesting an initial connection.

Practically, public opinion was engaged at times with Hamdouk's confidential speech to the United Nations and at other times with Burhan's secret meeting with Netanyahu. Both actions were deeply engrossed in detail and left unanswered questions, leading to subsequent consequences.

Following this step was the visit of the Israeli delegation to Sudan for military manufacturing! The delegation that visited "Israel" from the Rapid Support Forces led by Abdul Rahim Daglo, the second commander in the Rapid Support Forces, and "Israel's" stance after the outbreak of war as a party that could resolve the crisis due to its proximity to both sides, are indicators that require deep analysis.

-------------------------------------------------------------

Read this Article in Arabic.