The Islamic nation has faced throughout its history attempts of invaders aimed at targeting its creed and principles. This is not a recent phenomenon, but an extension of ongoing efforts to undermine the correct belief and to attack the Noble Qur'an, the prophetic Sunnah, and the biography of the honorable companions, foremost among them the Rightly Guided Caliphs: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali, as well as the mothers of the Believers, particularly Lady Aisha, may Allah be pleased with them all. These attacks have aimed at the pure belief in monotheism and all the values that preserve sound human nature.

Inspiration from Leadership

In the face of these challenges, the importance of drawing inspiration from outstanding leadership models that were able to confront dangers with strength and wisdom becomes evident. Perhaps the most prominent of these models is Sultan Nur ad-Din Mahmud Zengi, who is considered a symbol of righteous leadership and a divinely guided ruler who drew from the teachings of the Holy Quran and the Sunnah of the Prophet (peace be upon him) in building his state.

Values of Justice and Reform

Nur al-Din was a model of a leader who embraced the values of justice and reform, drawing inspiration from the approach of the righteous caliph Umar ibn Abdul Aziz. Sultan Nur ad-Din requested the scholars of his time to write the biography of Umar ibn Abdul Aziz so that it could serve as a model to be emulated in the management of the state, the affairs of the people, and the establishment of justice among them.

Unity of the Ummah

Nur al-Din realized that confronting challenges requires uniting the ranks of the nation, so he worked to unify Muslims of various doctrines and orientations, considering that the unity of the Ummah is the only way to confront internal and external conspiracies. He believed in the comprehensive concept of Ahl al-Sunnah wa al-Jama'ah, which includes the Ash'arism, Ahl al-Hadith, Sunni Sufism, and the four juristic schools. This broad vision contributed to strengthening the power and cohesion of the nation, enabling him to confront the Western Crusader project and the Fatimid esoteric project.

Justice and Tolerance

In addition, Nur al-Din was known for his justice and tolerance, as he respected the People of the Book and secured the rights of minorities. This made his state a model to be emulated in terms of justice and peaceful coexistence. He also established solid reform principles in his state, which served as the foundation upon which his students, led by the great leader Saladin Al-Ayyub, continued to build. Saladin carried on this journey and achieved great accomplishments, the most notable of which were the liberation of Jerusalem and the unification of the Islamic nation in the face of its enemies.

Historic Opportunity in Syria

The current phase in Syria, after the fall of the authoritarian regime, represents a historic opportunity that must be seized to build a new state based on justice and the noble human values championed by Nur al-Din. Syria needs courageous leadership that works to unite the ranks, far from internal conflict and external loyalties. The leadership must place the interests of the nation above all else and rebuild what has been destroyed by years of war, tyranny, and corruption.

Responsibility of the Syrian People

The Syrian people also bear a significant responsibility in this pivotal stage. Syrians must unite to support their leadership in building a modern state based on the rule of law and respect for human rights, while overcoming the remnants of sectarianism and corruption. National unity and peaceful coexistence should be the foundation of the upcoming phase, with a focus on strengthening the education system, developing the economy and free trade, improving infrastructure, and returning refugees to their homeland with dignity and safety.

Prayers for Success

We ask God to make Syria a shining model in the Arab and Islamic world, and to grant its people and leadership success in building a modern state that takes pride in Islam and its great values. The nation needs a strong and united Syria to be a beacon of justice and peace, contributing to the revival of all humanity."(Whoever follows My guidance, when it comes to you [people], will not go astray nor fall into misery,)" (Taha:139).

Revival of the Islamic Nation

We ask Allah, the Almighty, to grant success to those working towards the revival of the Islamic nation in achieving justice, protecting rights, and spreading the values of Islam that honor the Holy Quran and the teachings of the Prophet Muhammad, peace be upon him, so that they may serve as a shining example for all of humanity in establishing justice and attaining happiness in this world and the Hereafter.

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The "Israeli" plans continue after what Donald Trump decided during his first term in December 2017, which included the implementation of the decision to move the U.S. embassy from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem, as well as the accompanying recognition of the occupied Syrian Golan as "Israeli" territory. 

Not surprising

These developments are not surprising; rather, they are based on the resolution passed by the Knesset in 1980 to unify both East and West Jerusalem and declare it their eternal capital, a resolution recognized by the U.S. administration and Congress in 1995. Furthermore, in 1990, the U.S. passed legislation to move the embassy, which had been subject to semi-annual delays until Trump took office. 

Oslo Accords

During these latter dates, the U.S. was overseeing the Oslo Accords in September 1993, marketing itself as a peace broker in the region, advocating for a two-state solution that would secure East Jerusalem as the capital of a viable Palestinian state. 

A continuous process

All these events are part of a series that confirms that the rhythm of the Middle East has been orchestrated for decades and that the New Middle East project is not new. The alignment of decisions with their implementation is a matter of priorities for those planning for the region. While the Oslo process nominally progressed, the U.S. expanded the Zionist entity and reinforced changes. If the decision to move the embassy was a step taken three decades ago, Trump merely implemented it; this is not about individuals, but rather a continuous process for decisions that they haven't executed in the rhythm of things. 

For "Israel"

The U.S. aims, through entrenching "Israel" in terms of normalization, geography, and expansion, to crown a scheme that gradually eliminates the Arab League and replaces it with a Middle Eastern states organization, with "Israel" positioned atop it. They intend to promote a multiplicity of languages, creating entities such as a promised state for the Kurds in northeastern Syria and the Hebrew language for "Israel," ultimately diluting the Arab League so that it is led by the occupying state. 

For Security and military strategic interests

This leadership is fundamentally not tied to religious or historical dimensions, but rather to the security and military strategic interests of the U.S., as President Biden famously echoed in his speeches that "Israel" is security and a military base, not a religion or a state, when he said: "If Israel did not exist, we would create it," and "Israel exists to remain." This poses a dangerous indication of a gradual deterioration of security in the region and its states, whether or not some acknowledge this now, or if others engage in normalization to avoid confrontation, while still others remain in opposition to this conundrum. 

 Creative Chaos

The U.S. relies on a policy of "creative chaos," which has been highlighted in the media since 2006, entailing a reshaping of regimes according to its specifications. If the people's opinion prevails, alternative plans through chaos and conflict lead to a military coup that keeps control in its hands, or to the division of states while continuing to manage those in power and the factions directly or indirectly. Today, this scenario is being applied in Yemen, Syria, Libya, and Sudan, whereas they control regimes that align with their interests or through military coups that suppressed and crushed the peoples' revolutions, leaving the Arab homeland without elections or a voice for the people to this day.

Conflict of priorities  

Today, the rhythm that America is trying to set coincided with discussions about multipolarity in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war that began in February 2022 and continues to attract parties and change interests, reaching October 7, 2023, with the "Al-Aqsa Flood" and the involvement of Lebanon, Yemen, Iraq, and Iran in the confrontation under what is known as the "Unity of the Arenas." The threads have intertwined, scattered, and priorities have changed, with Gaza and its ongoing resistance remaining the key to the situation and its survival.

New equations

This situation imposed new equations that the U.S. is trying to organize to its own tune by neutralizing Iran and Iraqi groups, managing the post-Assad period, engaging the Lebanese parties with each other, and arranging presidential elections. Meanwhile, failure persists in containing Yemen and breaking Gaza, suggesting that setting the rhythm still faces significant obstacles.

Syria

In the case of Syria, the success of applying the new Middle East vision involves the division of the state, legitimizing "Israel's" existence in the Golan Heights and beyond, in a context hinting at Druze federalism, while the Kurds demand federalism in northeastern Syria, directly supported by the U.S. Lebanon, however, is dealt with differently, away from division through military solutions that would clear southern Litani of "Hezbollah" and restrict its movements to weaken its political influence, thus keeping the south under "Israeli" oversight, informed by their 1982 experience of remaining there and establishing the Lebanese general Antoine Lahad's forces that collaborated with them.

The historic dream of "Israel

The most dangerous aspect of setting the rhythm for them is the implementation of a historic dream for "Israel": the annexation of the West Bank and the establishment of the settlers' state "Judea and Samaria." This means the cancellation of Palestinian sovereignty, the destruction of the state project even to the extent of viability, and the displacement of the population into large urban gatherings, compelling many to flee under the force of arms used by settlers and soldiers towards the eastern border to Jordan, which they consider the alternative homeland for Palestinians. On July 18, 2024, the Knesset issued a decision to prevent the establishment of a Palestinian state, coinciding with the U.S. veto in May 2024 against establishing a Palestinian state. Prior to this, the occupation army confiscated areas classified as "B" under the Oslo Accords, meaning that practically, what remains under Palestinian sovereignty is only 6% of the West Bank, which is a direct execution of international law and a blatant disregard for the Arab Peace Initiative issued by the Arab League at the Beirut summit in 2002, which calls for the establishment of a Palestinian state followed by normalization with "Israel."

Today, within the framework of the rhythm that America is trying in vain to impose, it will clash with the steadfastness of the Palestinians, which is a historical fact, alongside sudden changes in the positions of Syria and its internal developments, successfully maintaining its unity and avoiding division, as well as the role that "Hezbollah" will play in the current ceasefire situation extended to the end of January.

Thus, Gaza remains the key to the situation and the key to the failure of establishing this rhythm.

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Allahu Akbar… God is Great and to Him belongs all praise. Look at Syria with freedom; it has flourished, blossomed, grown, prospered, and rejoiced. Joy has spread, and smiles, happiness, and delight have adorned faces.

Reflect upon the Hadiths of the Levant:

• The Prophet's Prayer for the Levant: Abdullah ibn Umar (may Allah be pleased with them) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "O Allah, bless us in our Levant; O Allah, bless us in our Yemen." They said: "And in our Najd?" He said: "There will be earthquakes and tribulations, and there will rise the horn of Satan." (Narrated by Bukhari)
• Faith in the Levant: Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "While I was sleeping, I saw the column of the book being taken from under my head. I thought it was going away, so I followed it with my sight, and it was taken to the Levant. Verily, faith will be when tribulations occur in the Levant." (Narrated by Ahmad)
• Allah's Chosen Land and His Assurance for the Levant and Its People: Abdullah ibn Hawala (may Allah be pleased with him) said: We were with the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) and we complained to him about poverty, scarcity, and lack of resources. The Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Rejoice; for by Allah, I fear abundance for you more than scarcity. By Allah, this matter will remain among you until Allah grants victory over the lands of Persia, Rome, and Himyar. You will become three armies: an army in the Levant, an army in Iraq, and an army in Yemen. A man will be given a hundred and will be discontent."

Ibn Hawala said: I asked: "O Messenger of Allah, choose for me if I reach that?" He said: "I choose for you the Levant, for it is God's chosen land, to which He gathers His chosen servants. O people of Yemen, you must go to the Levant, for it is Allah's chosen land. Whoever refuses, let him water from the water springs of Yemen – collect water – for Allah has assured the Levant and its people." (Narrated by Ibn Asakir)

• Allah's Best Land: Ibn Hawala (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The situation will lead to you being divided into three armies: an army in the Levant, an army in Yemen, and an army in Iraq." Ibn Hawala asked: "O Messenger of Allah, choose for me if I reach that?" He replied: "You should go to the Levant, for it is God's best land, to which He gathers His best servants. But if you refuse, then go to Yemen and water from your water springs, for Allah has assured the Levant and its people." (Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawood)
• Damascus as the Best City in the Levant: Abu Darda (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "The Muslims' camp on the day of the great battle will be in the Ghautah, next to a city called Damascus, the best city in the Levant." (Narrated by Ahmad and Abu Dawood)
• Allah Will Send a Force from Damascus: Abu Huraira (may Allah be pleased with him) heard the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) saying: "When the great battles happen, God will send a force from Damascus, the most noble of the Arabs in horses and the best in weaponry, supporting the religion with them." (Narrated by Ibn Majah and Al-Hakim)
• Jesus (peace be upon him) Will Descend at the White Minaret in Damascus to Kill the False Messiah: An-Nawas ibn Sam'an Al-Kilabi (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) mentioned the Dajjal (the false messiah), saying: "If he emerges while I am among you, I will confront him on your behalf. If he emerges while I am not among you, then everyone must confront him on their own, and Allah is the guardian of every Muslim. Whoever among you meets him should recite the opening verses of Surah Al-Kahf as protection from his trial." We asked: "How long will he stay on earth?" He said: "Forty days: a day like a year, a day like a month, a day like a week, and the rest of his days like your days." We asked: "O Messenger of Allah, will one day's prayer be enough for the day that is like a year?" He said: "No, estimate it accordingly." Then Jesus, son of Mary, will descend at the white minaret in the eastern part of Damascus and will catch him at the gate of Ludd and kill him." (Narrated by Muslim)
• The Stronghold of the Believers is the Levant: Salamah ibn Nufayl (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Prophet (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "A group of my ummah will continue to be triumphant over the people. Allah will raise the hearts of some people to fight them, and He will provide them with sustenance from them until the command of Allah comes, and they are still victorious. Verily, the stronghold of the believers is the Levant, and goodness is tied to the forelocks of horses until the Day of Resurrection." (Narrated by Ahmad)
• Blessings for the Levant: Zaid ibn Thabit (may Allah be pleased with him) reported that the Messenger of Allah (peace and blessings be upon him) said: "Blessed is the Levant." We asked: "Why, O Messenger of Allah?" He said: "Because the angels of the Most Merciful spread their wings over it." (Narrated by Ahmad and Tirmidhi)

Allah's Decree and His Power: Do not despair from the victory of Allah... An oppressed Syrian in a stone prison underground prays to his Lord: "O Lord, the night of the oppressors has been long; show us a clear victory and an end to the oppressors." In the stillness of the night, this prayer ascends unnoticed by people, but Allah hears it and says: "I shall grant you victory." This prayer has shackled two nations and rendered them motionless; a tyrant fled, an oppressed person was victorious, the distress of the afflicted was relieved, the distressed rejoiced, and the rebels entered, breaking the prisons and freeing the imprisoned. This is the decree and power of Allah. All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of all worlds.

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The Zionist occupation states repeatedly rely on religious and Biblical symbols and names to justify their policies and military aggression. Their use of this name demonstrates a continuous "Israeli" trend to link contemporary wars to ancient Biblical conflicts, unlike what their Arab and Muslim opponents do.

By establishing a connection between the past and the present through Biblical statements, they aim to create a continuous narrative of hostility towards their neighbors, considering them an extension of the ancient enemies of the Children of Israel, according to their claims.

The Spear of Bashan

Similar to the way it has assigned Biblical and Talmudic names to its crimes against Arab and Muslim peoples, the Zionist occupation has named its criminal operations targeting the destruction of Syria's military capabilities "The Spear of Bashan."

This name was not chosen randomly; it reflects a clear link to Biblical symbolism, geography, and military history, and is a continuation of several Biblical names the occupation has used for its war in Gaza. The goal is to militarily connect the operation to Jewish Biblical history to confer religious and political legitimacy to their military aggression, especially since the Golan is considered an extension of the Biblical region of Bashan.

It is well-known that Zionists, particularly under the current extremist religious government, are very concerned with the titles of their operations, which the distorted Bible often inspires to achieve their political goals and connect Jews to their religious identity.

There are estimates and reports that the "Israeli" aggression against Syria and the destruction of its military capabilities aims, among other things, to divide it according to undisclosed agreements with the new Trump administration, to ensure that "Israel" remains the strongest in the region.

Thus, "Israel" prefers not to wait for the political authority's new strength to develop in Syria, and continues to follow the principle of the upper hand, bombing Syrian weapons and provoking the new rulers of Damascus to safeguard its security and strategic interests.

Analysts believe that this naming, coinciding with "Israeli" incursions into Syrian territory, aims to shape the consciousness of the new ruling Islamic factions in Syria and all Syrians through iron and fire, terrorizing and pressuring them not to oppose the occupying state. They emphasize the spread of false press reports about the "Israeli" army's incursions into areas just 20 kilometers from Damascus, noting that while incursions did occur, they were not to that extent, and part of the goal is to condition and intimidate, according to the “Quds Press” agency.

The "Israeli" occupation army claimed that it has destroyed about 80% of the strategic military capabilities that the ousted regime's army held, under the pretext of preventing these capabilities from falling into the hands of Islamic opposition factions working to establish the new system in Syria.

 The Origin of Bashan and Its Objectives  

The name geographically originates from the "Bashan region," which has been mentioned historically in the Bible, referring to the Golan Heights and its northern extensions, which included the occupation of "Mount Sheikh," overseeing Syria, Lebanon, and Jordan. This raises questions about the military importance of controlling this elevated location.

The name Bashan refers to the kingdom mentioned in the Bible and the Gospel, which extended from "Gilead" in Jordan to "Mount Hermon" in Syria (all regions they believe must be occupied)."

"Bashan" is a historical land and is part of the land of Canaan, which the Jews claim is their promised land (the land of Canaan extends from Palestine, part of southwestern Syria, and parts of northwestern Jordan). This term appears in the Torah 60 times, and the linguistic meaning of the word is "the flat or leveled land."

According to the description in the Torah, the land of "Bashan" has specific boundaries: its northern boundary reaches Mount Hermon (which is part of Mount Sheikh in the Golan), and its southern boundary is at Mount Gilead, a mountain located in northwestern Jordan (specifically the Jordan Valley). The region includes the Golan Heights, Hauran, and the Lijah area (a natural reserve south of Damascus), and the area ends, according to the Torah, at Damascus; thus, one of their goals is to occupy Damascus.

Og: king of Bashan

According to their beliefs based on the Torah they currently possess, "Og" was the king of Bashan from the Rephaim, who are considered among the ancient Canaanite peoples or the "giants." They are Semitic peoples who inhabited the region in ancient times; the Torah mentions that the land of Bashan was ruled by one of the great kings (from the giants whom the Jews oppose) named "Og." He was a powerful king whom our master Moses, peace be upon him, fought and defeated, and the term "Amalek" in Jewish culture signifies "the peak of physical and spiritual evil."

Og emerged from his kingdom, and the sons of Israel occupied the entire region of Bashan. Moses, peace be upon him, assigned it to one of the tribes, specifically the tribe of Manasseh (one of the descendants of our master Joseph, peace be upon him); thus, the term "Spear of Bashan" was used for this operation to indicate Netanyahu's message to the Jewish people: that this war is religious in nature and an existential war to reclaim "the land of Bashan."

This land holds significant religious value for the Jews, a point Netanyahu has been keen to instill since the beginning of this war in Gaza; he has consistently affirmed that they will triumph in the war against the "Amalekites," in reference to "Hamas" and the resistance, and he speaks of the prophecies in the Torah that "Israel" will triumph over its enemies (the Arabs and Muslims).

This is not the first time the Israeli army has drawn the names of its military operations from the Torah and Jewish religious heritage. According to a report published by the Hebrew newspaper "Maariv" in October 2024, on several occasions, leaders of the Zionist occupation have invoked references to religious wars and imposed them on the wars with the Palestinians.

In November 2023, about a month after the war on Gaza broke out, Netanyahu cited texts from the Torah at least three times in his speeches to justify the attack on Gaza. In one of his speeches, he told the Israeli soldiers, "Remember what Amalek did to you," referring to the Amalekite tribe (a tribe of nomadic Bedouins who settled in the Sinai Peninsula and southern Palestine), mentioned in the Torah, to justify their attacks on Gaza.

Operation Kadesh

Before this, Israel drew the name "Operation Kadesh" to describe the tripartite aggression against Egypt in 1956, which is the name of a biblical city in Sinai where Mary, the sister of the Prophet Moses, was buried during the wandering of the children of Israel in the desert, according to their claims.

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- Transitional justice represents the cornerstone for achieving civil peace and restoring trust among the components of Syrian society.

- Building the new Syria requires involving the people in shaping their future and establishing a state based on citizenship, justice, and human dignity.

- Creating psychological support centers across Syria can provide counseling and therapeutic services for those affected by the conflict.

The Syrian people triumphed in their revolution, and the Assad regime collapsed, taking with it decades of oppression and tyranny, allowing the sun of freedom to shine over Syria. This historic event is not just the end of a tyrant who ruled with fire and iron, but the beginning of a historical era in which Syrians reclaim their usurped homeland and their dream of a free country that accommodates everyone. After many long years of killing, repression, detention, destruction, and displacement, the Syrian people stand after their victory before a rare opportunity to shape their future with the hands of their children, armed with an indomitable will and an unbreakable hope.

However, this victory is not the final station; rather, it is the first step towards building the Syria that everyone dreams of—a state based on justice, freedom, and dignity. The stakes are high, the challenges immense, and the wounds deep, yet hope is greater, and will is stronger.

First: The Psychological and Social Legacy in the Post-Assad Era:

Syrians lived under Assad’s rule for decades, during which the culture of terror and fear became the primary tool of authority to tighten control and oppression. This regime utilized all forms of repression, from arbitrary arrests and enforced disappearances to brutal torture and constant surveillance, leading to a breakdown of trust among community members. During the Syrian revolution (2011-2024), this repression reached its peak, as the regime responded to the people's uprising with excessive violence, mass killings, arrests, and displacement. As a result, hundreds of thousands of families were displaced, finding themselves homeless, either in refugee camps or scattered within Syria and abroad. This long war not only destroyed infrastructure but also tore apart social support networks, leaving millions of Syrians suffering from displacement and deprivation.

This devastating war has left a heavy psychological legacy on Syrians, as many today suffer from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), chronic anxiety, and depression, along with increasing mental and psychological disorders. On the social level, the fabric of Syrian society has been disrupted due to family disintegration, the demographic changes resulting from forced displacement, and the rise of sectarian, regional, and political divisions. This heavy legacy requires exceptional efforts to rebuild the Syrian individual, alongside the reconstruction of the war-torn homeland.

Secondly: Building a new Syria free from the legacy of oppression:

Removing the psychological and social effects of the Assad era requires a comprehensive and integrated strategy. It relies on a political, intellectual, and social approach that addresses the roots of the crisis and establishes the foundations of justice and reconciliation. This goal can only be achieved through multiple paths that combine institutional reform, community initiatives, and national consensus, while benefiting from the experiences of countries that have overcome similar conflicts.

- Transitional Justice:

Transitional justice constitutes the cornerstone for achieving civil peace and restoring trust among the components of Syrian society. This requires holding accountable those responsible for the crimes and serious violations committed during the years of conflict to ensure they are not repeated, prioritizing the rights of victims and restoring their dignity.

- Support for Mental Health:

Rebuilding the Syrian individual necessitates placing mental health at the forefront of national priorities. Establishing mental health support centers throughout Syria can provide counseling and therapeutic services for those affected by the conflict, with a focus on training specialized local staff to ensure the sustainability of these efforts. Providing psychological support to survivors in cities, villages, and camps is an integral part of the social reconstruction process. These steps are not merely addressing the effects of the past but investing in building the future of Syria.

- Promoting Education and Awareness:

Education is the most powerful tool for erasing the effects of tyranny and establishing values of tolerance and coexistence. This requires developing new educational curricula that focus on respecting human rights, promoting citizenship values, and community building, inspired by prophetic morals of forgiveness and mercy when possible. Awareness programs aimed at parents should be launched to encourage them to play a positive role in rebuilding the diverse social and religious fabric. Curricula that reinforce concepts of citizenship and cultural diversity should be adopted to raise generations capable of overcoming the past and building the future.

- Rebuilding Trust:

Rebuilding trust among Syrians represents a significant challenge, but it is essential for creating a stable homeland. This can be achieved through local initiatives such as reconciliation committees and cultural activities that foster closeness and dialogue among community segments, contributing to calming souls and alleviating the pain rooted in decades of injustice and divisions. Although these efforts may take a long time to heal the wounds, they represent a necessary step to reconstruct national unity.

- Empowering Women and Youth:

Women and youth are the most affected groups by the war, but they also hold the key to the future. Reconstruction efforts must include empowering them by providing opportunities for participation in decision-making and development programs. Supporting small projects and providing vocational training can contribute to their economic and social empowerment. The experience of South Africa in empowering women and youth serves as a model, as these groups played a crucial role in enhancing community development. Syria can adopt similar steps to support marginalized groups and integrate them into the reconstruction process, contributing to building a cohesive society and a sustainable economy.

- Working on reconciliation between sectarian and ethnic components:

Sectarian tensions and ethnic divisions that have been exacerbated by the war in Syria require comprehensive and serious treatment. This can be achieved through launching national dialogue forums that bring together leaders from different communities, aiming to enhance understanding and build bridges of new relationships based on mutual respect. These efforts should include practical steps, such as organizing meetings between elites, local leaders, religious institutions, and social organizations, in addition to enhancing the role of media in spreading a culture of coexistence and rebuilding national unity.

- Benefiting from human experiences:

International experiences provide important insights for Syria in its transitional phase. In post-World War II Germany, "re-education" programs were launched that focused on enhancing democratic values and respecting human rights. Alongside integrating war survivors into civilian life through training and vocational rehabilitation programs, in Bosnia, programs for reintegrating soldiers and civilians affected by the war contributed to strengthening societal cohesion. This is a step that Syria can benefit from to rehabilitate individuals who are psychologically and socially affected and to provide job opportunities that contribute to supporting the economy and building a cohesive society.

- Building a free Syria:

The dawn of freedom that is rising over Syria represents the beginning of a new era filled with hope and challenges, but it holds tremendous potential to transform this ancient country into a model of revival and recovery. Constructing a new Syria requires the involvement of the Syrian people in shaping their future and establishing a state based on citizenship, justice, and human dignity—free from the legacy of tyranny and exclusion. While attention is directed towards physical reconstruction, the priority remains on addressing psychological and social wounds and building a cohesive and tolerant society. Erasing the scars of the Assad era is essential for building a homeland that accommodates everyone, a homeland that restores Syria's civilizational role and becomes a beacon of hope, dignity, and justice.

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